Journal: Nanomedicine

Article Title: Precise atorvastatin delivery by cardiac homing peptide functionalized nanoliposomes for myocardial damage repair after myocardial infarction

doi: 10.1080/17435889.2026.2628309

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of the physicochemical properties of nanoliposomes. (A) Infrared spectroscopy reveals O–H bonds at 3436.40 cm −1 , C = O bonds at 1729.35 cm −1 , and amide bonds at 1640.04 cm −1 ; (B) Typical TEM images showing the morphological structures of Ato@DSPE-PEG and Ato@DSPE-PEG-CHP nanoliposomes at 20,000× magnification (scale bar: 200 nm); (C–D) DLS measurements of the average particle size and zeta potential of both nanoliposomes; (E) Comparison of in vitro drug release profiles for the two nanoliposomes; (F) Stability assessment of the two nanoliposomes.

Article Snippet: Replace the fluorescent dye Rhodamine B (RhB, HY-Y0016, MedChemExpress, USA) with atorvastatin encapsulated in DSPE-PEG or DSPE-PEG-CHP liposomes to investigate the cellular uptake and targeting ability of liposomes in vitro .

Techniques: Spectroscopy, Zeta Potential Analyzer, Comparison, In Vitro

Journal: Nanomedicine

Article Title: Precise atorvastatin delivery by cardiac homing peptide functionalized nanoliposomes for myocardial damage repair after myocardial infarction

doi: 10.1080/17435889.2026.2628309

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cellular uptake, targeting efficiency, and safety assessment of nanoliposomes. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the uptake of RhB@DSPE-PEG (A) and RhB@DSPE-PEG-CHP (B) by HL-1 cells at 0.5, 4, and 24 h. RhB exhibited red fluorescence; phalloidin labeled the cardiomyocyte cytoskeleton, appearing green; and DAPI stained the nuclei, appearing blue. Magnification: 200×; scale bar: 50 μm. (C) Quantitative analysis of average RhB fluorescence intensity using ImageJ software. (D) The CCK8 assay was used to assess differences in cell viability between HL-1 cells and OGD/R model cells. (E) Flow cytometry was employed to detect differences in ROS levels between HL-1 cells and the OGD/R model. (F) Biochemical test kits detected the SOD and MDA levels in HL-1 cells and OGD/R model. (G) Confocal fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the targeted distribution characteristics of RhB@DSPE-PEG-CHP in HL-1 and OGD/R cells 24 h after drug treatment. ImageJ software was used to quantitatively analyze the average fluorescence intensity of RhB. Magnification: 200×; Scale bar: 50 μm. (H) Cell viability was assessed using the CCK8 assay to evaluate drug cytotoxicity after co-incubation of CHP and blank liposomes (DSPE-PEG and DSPE-PEG-CHP) with normal mouse cardiomyocytes (HL-1) and hypoxic cardiomyocytes (OGD/R) for 24 h. (I) CCK8 assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity after 24 h of treatment with Ato and drug-loaded liposomes (Ato@DSPE-PEG and Ato@DSPE-PEG-CHP). N = 3.

Article Snippet: Replace the fluorescent dye Rhodamine B (RhB, HY-Y0016, MedChemExpress, USA) with atorvastatin encapsulated in DSPE-PEG or DSPE-PEG-CHP liposomes to investigate the cellular uptake and targeting ability of liposomes in vitro .

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Labeling, Staining, Software, CCK-8 Assay, Flow Cytometry, Incubation, Liposomes

Journal: Nanomedicine

Article Title: Precise atorvastatin delivery by cardiac homing peptide functionalized nanoliposomes for myocardial damage repair after myocardial infarction

doi: 10.1080/17435889.2026.2628309

Figure Lengend Snippet: Establishment of a MI mouse model and validation of targeted distribution of RhB@DSPE-PEG-CHP. A MI mouse model was established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Mice were euthanized with carbon dioxide 24 h after surgery, and cardiac tissue was collected. Myocardial infarction areas were visualized using TTC staining (A, N = 3), hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining (B, N = 3), and flow cytometry (C, N = 3) to assess infarct size, pathological damage, and inflammatory cell infiltration in cardiac tissue. For in vivo targeted validation, we prepared two RhB-labeled samples: RhB@DSPE-PEG and RhB@DSPE-PEG-CHP. Six mice received intravenous injections of these samples at a concentration of 15 mg/mL. Twenty-four hours after administration, mice were processed for ex vivo tissue imaging of the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney (D, N = 3), followed by quantitative analysis of fluorescence intensity. Confocal microscopy was used to visualize RhB distribution in mouse tissues, including the heart, liver, and kidney (E, N = 3). Optical density (OD) values were quantified using a microplate reader (F, N = 3).

Article Snippet: Replace the fluorescent dye Rhodamine B (RhB, HY-Y0016, MedChemExpress, USA) with atorvastatin encapsulated in DSPE-PEG or DSPE-PEG-CHP liposomes to investigate the cellular uptake and targeting ability of liposomes in vitro .

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Staining, Flow Cytometry, In Vivo, Labeling, Concentration Assay, Ex Vivo, Imaging, Fluorescence, Confocal Microscopy

Journal: Nanomedicine

Article Title: Precise atorvastatin delivery by cardiac homing peptide functionalized nanoliposomes for myocardial damage repair after myocardial infarction

doi: 10.1080/17435889.2026.2628309

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cardioprotective effects of Ato@DSPE-PEG-CHP in MI mice. Cardiac tissue was collected four weeks post-surgery and examined using TTC staining (A, N = 3), HE staining (B, 200×, 100 μm, N = 6), Masson staining (C, 200×, 100 μm, N = 6), and TUNEL staining (D, 400×, 50 μm, N = 6) to assess infarct size, histopathological changes, fibrosis, and apoptosis in mouse cardiac tissue. (E) The proportion of TUNEL-positive cells was quantified using ImageJ software. TNF-α (F, N = 6), IL-6 (G, N = 6), MDA (H, N = 3), and SOD (I, N = 3) levels in each treatment group.

Article Snippet: Replace the fluorescent dye Rhodamine B (RhB, HY-Y0016, MedChemExpress, USA) with atorvastatin encapsulated in DSPE-PEG or DSPE-PEG-CHP liposomes to investigate the cellular uptake and targeting ability of liposomes in vitro .

Techniques: Staining, TUNEL Assay, Software

Journal: Nanomedicine

Article Title: Precise atorvastatin delivery by cardiac homing peptide functionalized nanoliposomes for myocardial damage repair after myocardial infarction

doi: 10.1080/17435889.2026.2628309

Figure Lengend Snippet: Safety evaluation of Ato@DSPE-PEG-CHP. (A) Collect fresh anticoagulated rat blood and isolate the red blood cells. Add the following sequentially: physiological saline (negative control), 2% Triton X-100 (100% hemolysis, positive control), Ato, DSPE-PEG, Ato@DSPE-PEG, and Ato@DSPE-PEG-CHP. Incubate at room temperature for 3 h, then visually inspect for hemolysis. If the solution in the centrifuge tube appeared clear red with no cellular residue or only a small amount of red blood cells at the bottom, hemolysis has occurred. Conversely, if all red blood cells have settled and the supernatant was colorless and clear, no hemolysis has occurred. (B-C) At the experimental endpoint, collect kidney and liver tissues from each group of mice. HE staining was used to observe histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissues and to assess the in vivo safety of the drug. Magnification: 200×; Scale bar: 100 μm.

Article Snippet: Replace the fluorescent dye Rhodamine B (RhB, HY-Y0016, MedChemExpress, USA) with atorvastatin encapsulated in DSPE-PEG or DSPE-PEG-CHP liposomes to investigate the cellular uptake and targeting ability of liposomes in vitro .

Techniques: Saline, Negative Control, Positive Control, Residue, Staining, In Vivo

Journal: Fundamental Research

Article Title: Intranasal delivery of rotigotine to the brain for treating Parkinson’s disease

doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2025.02.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synthesis and characterization of Rotigotine-loaded nanoparticles (RT-NPs). (a) Scheme for showing the preparative procedures for RT-NPs. The different mass ratio of rotigotine to PEG- b -PPG- b -PEG (average Mn 12,000) are set as seven groups, with the reaction volume hold constant in each group, the polymer maintaine a consistent concentration at 10 mg/mL in (b) and rotigotine concentration is fixed around 1 mg/mL in (c). (d) The mass ratio, reaction volume, and polymer concentration are consistent with (b) except for the use of polymer with a lower molecular weight (Mn 8400). (e) Entrapment efficiency of RT-NPs in (b)-(d).

Article Snippet: Dichloromethane was purchased from Chinasun Specialty Products Co., Ltd. Poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG- b -PPG- b -PEG) with average molecular weights of 12,000 and 8000 were purchased from Shanghai Energy Chemical Co., Ltd. and Aladdin Co., Ltd. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Acetonitrile and Trifluoroacetic acid were purchased from Shanghai J&K Scientific Ltd. Rotigotine was purchased from Shanghai yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) hydrochloride was obtained from Dalian Meilun Biotech Co., Ltd. Phosphate buffer saline (0.01M, pH 7.2–7.4) was purchased from Solarbio Biotech.

Techniques: Polymer, Concentration Assay, Molecular Weight

Journal: Fundamental Research

Article Title: Intranasal delivery of rotigotine to the brain for treating Parkinson’s disease

doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2025.02.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synthesis and characterization of Rotigotine-loaded nanoparticles (RT-NPs). (a) Scheme for showing the preparative procedures for RT-NPs. The different mass ratio of rotigotine to PEG- b -PPG- b -PEG (average Mn 12,000) are set as seven groups, with the reaction volume hold constant in each group, the polymer maintaine a consistent concentration at 10 mg/mL in (b) and rotigotine concentration is fixed around 1 mg/mL in (c). (d) The mass ratio, reaction volume, and polymer concentration are consistent with (b) except for the use of polymer with a lower molecular weight (Mn 8400). (e) Entrapment efficiency of RT-NPs in (b)-(d).

Article Snippet: Dichloromethane was purchased from Chinasun Specialty Products Co., Ltd. Poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG- b -PPG- b -PEG) with average molecular weights of 12,000 and 8000 were purchased from Shanghai Energy Chemical Co., Ltd. and Aladdin Co., Ltd. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Acetonitrile and Trifluoroacetic acid were purchased from Shanghai J&K Scientific Ltd. Rotigotine was purchased from Shanghai yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) hydrochloride was obtained from Dalian Meilun Biotech Co., Ltd. Phosphate buffer saline (0.01M, pH 7.2–7.4) was purchased from Solarbio Biotech.

Techniques: Polymer, Concentration Assay, Molecular Weight